Skip to main content

Minikube 部署 Laravel + Vue 微服务集群与持续集成方案

项目架构概述

这个方案将使用 Minikube 在本地 Kubernetes 环境中部署一个包含 Laravel 后端和 Vue 前端的微服务架构，并实现持续集成流程。

主要组件

  1. 前端服务: Vue.js 应用
  2. 后端服务: Laravel API
  3. 数据库服务: MySQL
  4. 缓存服务: Redis
  5. 消息队列: RabbitMQ (可选)
  6. CI/CD 流水线: GitHub Actions/Jenkins

环境准备

1. 安装必要工具

# 安装 Minikube
curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/minikube/releases/latest/minikube-linux-amd64
sudo install minikube-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/minikube

# 安装 kubectl
curl -LO "https://dl.k8s.io/release/$(curl -L -s https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl"
sudo install -o root -g root -m 0755 kubectl /usr/local/bin/kubectl

# 启动 Minikube
minikube start --driver=docker --cpus=4 --memory=8192

2. 启用必要插件

minikube addons enable ingress
minikube addons enable metrics-server

微服务部署

1. 创建命名空间

# namespace.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: laravel-vue-app

2. MySQL 部署

# mysql-deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: mysql
  namespace: laravel-vue-app
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: mysql
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: mysql
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: mysql
        image: mysql:5.7
        env:
        - name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
          value: yourpassword
        - name: MYSQL_DATABASE
          value: laravel
        ports:
        - containerPort: 3306
        volumeMounts:
        - name: mysql-persistent-storage
          mountPath: /var/lib/mysql
      volumes:
      - name: mysql-persistent-storage
        persistentVolumeClaim:
          claimName: mysql-pv-claim

---

# mysql-service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: mysql
  namespace: laravel-vue-app
spec:
  ports:
  - port: 3306
  selector:
    app: mysql

---

# mysql-pvc.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: mysql-pv-claim
  namespace: laravel-vue-app
spec:
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 5Gi

3. Redis 部署

# redis-deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: redis
  namespace: laravel-vue-app
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: redis
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: redis
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: redis
        image: redis:alpine
        ports:
        - containerPort: 6379

---

# redis-service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: redis
  namespace: laravel-vue-app
spec:
  ports:
  - port: 6379
  selector:
    app: redis

4. Laravel 后端部署

# laravel-deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: laravel-backend
  namespace: laravel-vue-app
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: laravel-backend
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: laravel-backend
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: laravel-app
        image: your-registry/laravel-app:latest
        env:
        - name: DB_HOST
          value: mysql
        - name: DB_PASSWORD
          valueFrom:
            secretKeyRef:
              name: laravel-secrets
              key: db-password
        - name: REDIS_HOST
          value: redis
        ports:
        - containerPort: 9000
        livenessProbe:
          httpGet:
            path: /api/health
            port: 9000
          initialDelaySeconds: 30
          periodSeconds: 10
        readinessProbe:
          httpGet:
            path: /api/health
            port: 9000
          initialDelaySeconds: 5
          periodSeconds: 5

---

# laravel-service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: laravel-backend
  namespace: laravel-vue-app
spec:
  ports:
  - port: 9000
  selector:
    app: laravel-backend

5. Vue 前端部署

# vue-deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: vue-frontend
  namespace: laravel-vue-app
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: vue-frontend
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: vue-frontend
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: vue-app
        image: your-registry/vue-app:latest
        env:
        - name: VUE_APP_API_URL
          value: http://laravel-backend:9000
        ports:
        - containerPort: 8080
        livenessProbe:
          httpGet:
            path: /
            port: 8080
          initialDelaySeconds: 30
          periodSeconds: 10

---

# vue-service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: vue-frontend
  namespace: laravel-vue-app
spec:
  ports:
  - port: 80
    targetPort: 8080
  selector:
    app: vue-frontend

---

# ingress.yaml
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: laravel-vue-ingress
  namespace: laravel-vue-app
  annotations:
    nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/rewrite-target: /
spec:
  rules:
  - host: laravel-vue.local
    http:
      paths:
      - path: /
        pathType: Prefix
        backend:
          service:
            name: vue-frontend
            port:
              number: 80
      - path: /api
        pathType: Prefix
        backend:
          service:
            name: laravel-backend
            port:
              number: 9000

持续集成流程

GitHub Actions 示例

# .github/workflows/ci-cd.yaml
name: CI/CD Pipeline

on:
  push:
    branches: [ main ]
  pull_request:
    branches: [ main ]

jobs:
  build-test-backend:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
    
    - name: Set up PHP
      uses: shivammathur/setup-php@v2
      with:
        php-version: '8.1'
        extensions: mbstring, ctype, fileinfo, tokenizer, mysql, pdo, xml, gd
        coverage: pcov
    
    - name: Install dependencies
      run: composer install --prefer-dist --no-progress
    
    - name: Copy .env
      run: cp .env.example .env
    
    - name: Generate key
      run: php artisan key:generate
    
    - name: Run tests
      run: php artisan test
    
    - name: Build Docker image
      run: docker build -t your-registry/laravel-app:${{ github.sha }} -f Dockerfile.backend .
    
    - name: Login to Docker Hub
      uses: docker/login-action@v1
      with:
        username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME }}
        password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_TOKEN }}
    
    - name: Push Docker image
      run: docker push your-registry/laravel-app:${{ github.sha }}

  build-test-frontend:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
    
    - name: Set up Node.js
      uses: actions/setup-node@v2
      with:
        node-version: '16'
    
    - name: Install dependencies
      run: npm install
    
    - name: Run tests
      run: npm run test:unit
    
    - name: Build production
      run: npm run build
    
    - name: Build Docker image
      run: docker build -t your-registry/vue-app:${{ github.sha }} -f Dockerfile.frontend .
    
    - name: Login to Docker Hub
      uses: docker/login-action@v1
      with:
        username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME }}
        password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_TOKEN }}
    
    - name: Push Docker image
      run: docker push your-registry/vue-app:${{ github.sha }}

  deploy:
    needs: [build-test-backend, build-test-frontend]
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
    - name: Install kubectl
      uses: azure/setup-kubectl@v1
    
    - name: Configure kubectl
      run: |
        mkdir -p ~/.kube
        echo "${{ secrets.KUBE_CONFIG }}" > ~/.kube/config
    
    - name: Deploy to Kubernetes
      run: |
        kubectl set image deployment/laravel-backend laravel-app=your-registry/laravel-app:${{ github.sha }} -n laravel-vue-app
        kubectl set image deployment/vue-frontend vue-app=your-registry/vue-app:${{ github.sha }} -n laravel-vue-app

Dockerfile 示例

Laravel Dockerfile

# Dockerfile.backend
FROM php:8.1-fpm

# Install dependencies
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
    build-essential \
    libpng-dev \
    libjpeg62-turbo-dev \
    libfreetype6-dev \
    locales \
    zip \
    jpegoptim optipng pngquant gifsicle \
    vim \
    unzip \
    git \
    curl \
    libzip-dev \
    libonig-dev \
    libpq-dev

# Clear cache
RUN apt-get clean && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

# Install extensions
RUN docker-php-ext-install pdo_mysql mbstring zip exif pcntl
RUN docker-php-ext-configure gd --with-freetype --with-jpeg
RUN docker-php-ext-install gd

# Install composer
RUN curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php -- --install-dir=/usr/local/bin --filename=composer

# Set working directory
WORKDIR /var/www

# Copy existing application directory contents
COPY . /var/www

# Install dependencies
RUN composer install

# Expose port 9000 and start php-fpm server
EXPOSE 9000
CMD ["php-fpm"]

Vue Dockerfile

# Dockerfile.frontend
FROM node:16 as build-stage
WORKDIR /app
COPY package*.json ./
RUN npm install
COPY . .
RUN npm run build

FROM nginx:stable-alpine as production-stage
COPY --from=build-stage /app/dist /usr/share/nginx/html
COPY nginx.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
EXPOSE 80
CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]

部署与应用访问

  1. 应用所有 Kubernetes 配置：
kubectl apply -f namespace.yaml
kubectl apply -f mysql-pvc.yaml
kubectl apply -f mysql-deployment.yaml
kubectl apply -f mysql-service.yaml
kubectl apply -f redis-deployment.yaml
kubectl apply -f redis-service.yaml
kubectl apply -f laravel-deployment.yaml
kubectl apply -f laravel-service.yaml
kubectl apply -f vue-deployment.yaml
kubectl apply -f vue-service.yaml
kubectl apply -f ingress.yaml
  1. 获取 Minikube IP 并配置 hosts：
minikube ip
# 将返回的IP添加到你的hosts文件
# 例如: 192.168.49.2 laravel-vue.local
  1. 访问应用：
    • 前端: http://laravel-vue.local
    • API: http://laravel-vue.local/api

扩展建议

  1. Horizontal Pod Autoscaler (HPA): 为 Laravel 和 Vue 服务添加自动扩展
  2. 监控: 集成 Prometheus 和 Grafana
  3. 日志: 使用 ELK 或 Loki 进行日志收集
  4. 服务网格: 考虑使用 Istio 或 Linkerd 进行服务网格管理
  5. 数据库高可用: 考虑使用 MySQL 集群或云数据库服务

这个方案提供了一个完整的本地开发环境，可以轻松扩展到生产环境。

No Comments
Back to top